好的，我们来详细解析英语词汇 "burden"。
英式音标： /ˈbɜːdn/
美式音标： /ˈbɜːrdn/
中文谐音： "波的恩"（注意 "bur" 部分的发音与汉语的 "波" 不完全相同，更接近 "伯" 但嘴型更圆）。
"Burden" 的核心含义是 "负担"，既可以指具体的、物理上的重物，也可以指抽象的、精神上的压力或责任。
名词： 负担，重负；责任，义务
动词： 使负重，使烦恼；加重压于
中文翻译对应：
名词： 负担，负荷，重担，担子，责任，义务
动词： 使负担，加重压于，烦扰，使烦恼
（物理上的）重负，负荷
指需要费力携带或搬运的沉重物体。
例句： The donkey was struggling under the heavy burden. (那头驴在沉重的负荷下艰难前行。)
例句： She carried the burden of firewood back to the village. (她背着那捆柴火回到了村里。)
（精神、心理上的）负担，压力
指令人担忧、焦虑或造成困难的事物。
例句： The financial burden of his father's illness was overwhelming. (他父亲的病带来的经济负担是巨大的。)
例句： He didn't want to be a burden to his children in his old age. (他不想在年老时成为孩子们的负担。)
责任，义务
指需要承担的重大责任或职责。
例句： The burden of leadership is not an easy one to bear. (领导的责任不是那么容易承担的。)
例句： The burden of proof lies with the prosecution. (举证责任在控方。)
使烦恼，使负重担
通常与 with 连用，表示用问题、忧虑或工作等来困扰某人。
例句： I don't want to burden you with my problems. (我不想用我的问题来烦扰你。)
例句： She was burdened with a great deal of paperwork. (她承担着大量的文书工作。)
使负重
指让某人或某物背负重物（这个用法相对较少）。
例句： The mules were burdened with packs of supplies. (骡子驮着成包的补给品。)
名词例句：
The government must address the burden of healthcare costs. (政府必须解决医疗费用的负担问题。)
She felt a great burden lift from her shoulders after she told the truth. (说出真相后，她感觉肩上的重担卸下了。)
Caring for her sick mother while working full-time was a double burden. (在全职工作的同时照顾生病的母亲是双重负担。)
动词例句：
He didn't want to burden his friend with his financial troubles. (他不想让自己的财务困境给朋友添麻烦。)
The company is burdened by debt. (这家公司负债累累。)
Why burden yourself with unnecessary guilt? (为什么要用不必要的愧疚感来折磨自己呢？)
Burden of proof
释义： 举证责任
例句： In a court of law, the burden of proof is on the accuser. (在法庭上，举证责任在于原告。)
Be a burden on/to someone
释义： 成为某人的负担
例句： He felt he was becoming a burden to his family. (他觉得自己成了家庭的负担。)
Shoulder the burden
释义： 承担起责任/重担
例句： As the eldest son, he had to shoulder the burden of supporting the family. (作为长子，他必须承担起养家的重担。)
Lift/ease/alleviate the burden
释义： 减轻负担
例句： This new policy will ease the tax burden on low-income families. (这项新政策将减轻低收入家庭的税收负担。)
Be burdened with
释义： 背负着...，受...所累
例句： She arrived, burdened with luggage and worries. (她到了，带着满身的行李和满心的忧虑。)
同义词：
名词： load, weight, responsibility, obligation, duty, onus, strain, pressure, trouble
动词： load, weigh down, overwhelm, trouble, bother, encumber
反义词：
名词： relief, ease, comfort, help, aid, blessing
动词： relieve, ease, lighten, unburden, free
"Burden" 是一个非常常用且重要的单词，其核心概念围绕 "重" 展开，无论是物理上的沉重还是精神上的沉重。掌握它的名词和动词两种词性，以及与之搭配的介词（如 with, on, to），对于准确理解和运用这个词汇至关重要。