音标

英 [ˈɔːfl]；美 [ˈɔːfl]

意思

形容词

极坏的；可怕的；非常讨厌的。用于描述令人不愉快、糟糕的事物或经历，程度比较深。例如形容食物难吃、天气恶劣、事情糟糕等情况。

非常的；很多的。表示程度很高，相当于“very great” ，常用于口语中修饰一些表示负面感觉的名词，如“awful lot of（大量的，许多的）”。

造句

The weather was awful all day. It rained non-stop.（一整天天气都很糟糕。雨下个不停。）

I had an awful dream last night. It really scared me.（我昨晚做了个可怕的梦。真的把我吓坏了。）

The smell in the old house was awful.（老房子里的气味很难闻。）

This medicine tastes awful.（这种药味道很难吃。）

He made an awful mistake at work and got scolded by the boss.（他在工作中犯了一个严重的错误，被老板骂了。）

There's an awful lot of traffic on the road today.（今天路上交通拥堵得厉害。）

The movie I watched last night was awful. The plot was boring.（我昨晚看的电影糟透了。剧情很无聊。）

She had an awful headache after a long day at work.（工作了一整天后，她头痛得厉害。）

The service at this restaurant is awful. We had to wait for ages.（这家餐厅的服务很差。我们等了好久。）

The noise from the construction site is just awful.（建筑工地的噪音太讨厌了。）

初学英语怎么运用

口语运用

日常抱怨：在日常生活中表达对各种不满意的情况的抱怨。例如：“The food in the cafeteria is awful. I don't want to eat there anymore.（食堂的饭菜太难吃了。我再也不想在那儿吃了。）”

描述经历：分享不好的经历时使用。“I had an awful time at the party. There was nothing interesting to do.（我在聚会上玩得很糟糕。没什么有意思的事情可做。）”

表达感受：当身体不舒服或者心情不佳时描述感受。“I'm feeling awful today. I think I might be sick.（我今天感觉很不好。我想我可能生病了。）”

写作运用

记叙文写作：在描述故事中的负面场景、事件时运用。比如写一次旅行经历：“Our trip to the beach was ruined by the awful weather. It rained the whole time and we couldn't do any water sports.（糟糕的天气毁了我们去海滩的旅行。一直下雨，我们什么水上运动都做不了。）”

议论文写作：在论述某个观点时，如果涉及到负面评价，可以用 “awful” 来强调问题的严重性。“Pollution has caused an awful impact on the environment. We must take immediate action to solve this problem.（污染对环境造成了极其严重的影响。我们必须立即采取行动解决这个问题。）”

学习积累

替换练习：尝试用 “awful” 替换一些表示 “bad” 意思的简单词汇，提升语言表达的丰富度。例如把 “The situation is bad.” 改为 “The situation is awful.”

搭配记忆：记住 “awful” 常见的搭配，如 “awful smell（难闻的气味）”“awful taste（难吃的味道）” 等，以便在需要时能够准确运用。