by

读音：[bai]

prep.靠近, 通过, 被, 经由 adv.经过, 在旁边, 靠近

例句与用法：

It is fun eating by stealth without being found.

偷吃而不被人发现很有趣。

He sent me a package by post.

他邮寄给我一个包裹。

You must be back by four o'clock.

你务必在4点前回来。

The house by the lake is a restaurant.

湖边的那座房子是家饭店。

He hurried by and disappeared in the wood.

他匆匆走过去，消失在森林里。

prep.

1. 被, 由

The homework was assigned by the teacher.

这些家庭作业是老师布置的。

2. 靠, 用, 通过

They crossed the river by ferry.

他们乘渡船过了河。

3. 经由; 沿

Ellen flew to Chicago by way of Minneapolis.

艾伦经由明尼阿波利斯飞往芝加哥。

4. 在……旁边, 靠近; 在……手边

I haven't got any money by me.

我身边没有带钱。

5. 不迟于; 在……之前

We had to get there by evening.

我们必须在夜晚前抵达那里。

6. 根据, 按照

How do you know he didn't act by the rules?

你怎么知道他没有按规定行事?

7. (表程度)相差

He missed the bus by three minutes.

他晚了三分钟没赶上那班公车。

8. 凭, 对……(发誓)

I swear by God!

我对上帝发誓!

9. (乘除法上)以……, 用……(乘或除)

Nine divided by three makes three.

九除以三得三。

10. 以……计, 按

You'll be paid by the hour.

你的工资将按时计酬。

11. 在……的时候

He had to sleep by day and work by night.

他只好白天睡觉, 晚上工作。

12. 就……来说, 关于

Philip is a doctor by profession.

菲利浦的职业是医生。

13. (表连续或反复)逐个; 逐批

The teacher explained the text sentence by sentence.

教师逐句讲解了这篇课文。

14. 由于

She took my umbrella by mistake.

她误拿了我的伞。

ad.

1. 经过; 过去

A truck went by.

一辆卡车开过。

2. 在旁边

When I filled out the form she was standing by all the time.

我填写表格时, 她一直站在我身旁。

3. (放)在一边

They put money by for later use.

他们储存钱以备将来使用。

4. 【美】【口】到(或进入)某人的家

Please come by and have dinner with us.

请到我家来一起吃晚饭。

短语词组：

by and by

1. 不久

He'll come back by and by.

他不久就会回来。

by and large

1. 总的说来

By and large, your idea is a good one.

总的说来你的看法不错。

by

词义辨析：

同义:

prep.在……旁边, 靠近

同义参见:

by1[bai]prep.
1.翻译：[表示空间关系]靠近，在…附近，在…旁边：to stand by the wall站在墙边a house by a river河畔的房子
2.翻译：在…身边；在…手头：I have got some money by me.我身边有些钱。
3.翻译：[表示时间关系]
4.翻译：在…期间，在(白天、夜晚)的时候：to travel by night在夜间旅行to work by day在白天工作
5.翻译：在固定的时间内：to work by the hour按钟点工作
6.翻译：不迟于；到…时(为止)，到(某时)之前：Be back by ten o'clock.10点以前回来。We usually finish work by six o'clock.我们通常在6点钟之前完成工作。
7.翻译：在…环境下，以…为伴：Jack and Mary walked by moonlight.杰克和玛丽在月光下散步。
8.翻译：[表示运动的方向]：
9.翻译：沿，沿着，经由，经过；取道：to New Jersey by the Holland Tunnel经霍兰隧道去新泽西州
10.翻译：经过…旁边，从…旁边(过去)；通过：to march by the reviewing stand在观礼台旁列队通过They went by the church.他们从教堂旁边走过。
11.翻译：方向偏于，向，朝：north by west北偏西to sail NE by N向东北偏北方向航行
12.翻译：[表示努力的方向，表示关系]对，对于，对待：to do well by a friend待朋友好She did well by her child.她待孩子好。
13.翻译：[表示方法、方式、手段或媒介，表示行为者是谁或起作用的事物是什么]靠，用，通过，被，由：I know her by sight.我与她只是面熟(并不熟识)。gained by fraud靠欺诈得到
14.翻译：[表示方式、式样]
15.翻译：根据，按，照，依照，遵奉：to go by the book照书本行事That is a bad book by any standards.不论根据什么标准，那都是一部坏书。
16.翻译：[表示反复或连续](一个)又(一个)，(一个)接着(一个)，逐一，连续：marching two by two两个两个地行进little by little一点点地
17.翻译：逐渐地，渐次：to grow dark by degrees渐渐地变暗
18.翻译：[表示允许、许可、同意、批准]蒙…的许可；认可，批准：by your leave请允许我；对不起
19.翻译：[用作虚词表示尺寸、长度、面积]
20.翻译：到…地步，到…程度：apples by the pack大量的苹果a room 12 feet by 14 feet一个宽12英尺长14英尺的房间
21.翻译：(尺寸、面积)乘：two by four 2乘4
22.翻译：用(所给数)作乘或除：multiply 10 by 4用4乘以10devide a by b用b除a
23.翻译：[表示传递、交通等的方式]He arrived by air.他坐飞机到达了。They went by ship.他们坐船去。
24.翻译：[表示原因]由于，因：They won the game by forfeit.他们因怕受罚而赢得了那场比赛。I met her by chance.我偶然碰到她。
25.翻译：按…计算：I am paid by the month.我按月领工资Grains are sold by the bushel.谷物论蒲式耳出售。
26.翻译：[表示程度、数量等]以…之差：She's taller than her younger brother by two inches.她比她小弟高两英寸。The new boat is larger than the old one by a great deal.新船比旧船大得多。
27.翻译：就(出生、职业、本性等)来说：He was very generous by nature.他生性慷慨大方。
28.翻译：由…所生：Mary had a son by Harry.玛丽给哈里生了一个儿子。
29.翻译：(哺乳动物)以…为种畜，以…为父亲：John II by John约翰二世为约翰之子
30.翻译：以(神)的名义，凭，对(或当)着…(发誓)：to swear by all that is sacred当着一切神圣的东西发誓
31.翻译：[主苏格兰英语]与…相比
32.翻译：到，来(串门，访问)：Drop by my home this evening.今晚到我家来谈谈。
33.翻译：[美国口语]在…地方：I'll give you a dinner by that restaurant.我到那家餐馆去请你吃顿饭。
34.翻译：[口语]依…之见，就…看来：By her own account she was in New York at the time.据她自己说，她当时在纽约。adv.
1.翻译：近在手边；在附近，在近旁
2.翻译：(搁)在一边，(搁)开；存放，存起，存在一边
3.翻译：以往，过去
4.翻译：经过，通过
5.翻译：[美国英语]在指定的(或不讲自明的)地方
6.翻译：[美国口语]进(或到)别人家adj.
1.翻译：次要的，副的；从属的，附带的
2.翻译：位于一边的；不在干道上的；旁边的，偏的n.
1.翻译：附带的东西；枝节问题；余物；副产品；次要的东西；小事
2.翻译：【板球】漏击得分
3.翻译：(体育淘汰赛中抽签)轮空
4.翻译：【高尔夫球】(因一方已赢而不再打的)余穴 (= bye1)by and by
不久以后，不久，不一会儿迟早，终究，终于[废语]马上，立刻by and large
[美国英语]总的来说，一般地说，从各方面来看；大体上，基本上；全面地【航海学】无论吃风不吃风(指即使风向稍偏，帆船照样能行驶)，既用掉抢又用顺风帆by oneself
单独，独自地独立地，全靠自己地，无他人帮助地by the by (或 bye)附带地，顺便地；顺便说(或问)一下，顺便提一句；且说，另外(用以提出一个新的话题，或提起一件已经忘记的事) by2[bai]interj.
1.翻译：再见 (= bye)

by

副词 by:

so as to pass a given point

同义词：past

in reserve; not for immediate use

同义词：aside, away

by and by

1. 不久

He'll come back by and by.

他不久就会回来。

by and large

1. 总的说来

By and large, your idea is a good one.

总的说来你的看法不错。

by

1. Somehow he was irritated by the smoothness of the salesman.

不知为什麽这个推销员的圆滑使他恼怒。

2. Don't be deluded by appearances.

不要被外表欺骗。

3. The China is being celebrated by its handicrafts.

中国是以它的手工艺品而著称。

4. How long will it take to go there by ship?

乘船到那里去要花多长时间？

5. Traffic was interrupted by a dense fog.

交通因浓雾而受阻。

6. He let a week go by before answering the letter.

他一周以后才回信。

7. He threw a spanner into works by never investing this project.

他不再投资这项工程而破坏了整个计划。

8. By their sin they provoked the wrath of the people.

他们因犯罪而激起人民的愤怒。

9. They screwed the money out of her by threats.

他们威胁她把钱交出来。

10. Do they live all by themselves in that big house?

他们是不是单独住在那座大房子里？

11. Do they charge carriage by bulk?

他们是否按体积计算运费？

12. I did profit by the advice they gave me.

他们给我提的意见的确对我有很大好处。

13. They were held captive by masked gunmen.

他们被蒙面的持枪歹徒劫持了。

14. He let himself down slowly by means of a tope.

他借助一根绳子慢慢地下来了。

15. He got in by pretend to be a telephone engineer.

他假装成电话工程师进来的。

16. He began by pouring ridicule on the whig leader.

他先狠狠地讽刺了保守党的领导人。

17. He goes to school not by bus, but on foot.

他去上学不是乘公共汽车，而是走路去的。

18. He lost the tennis match by default.

他因不出场而输了网球赛。

19. He has been confined two months by gout.

他因痛风病已臣庆两个月了。

20. He was enfeebled by a long illness.

他因长期患病而虚弱无力。

21. He has conned the poems by rote.

他已经把这诗歌背下来了。

22. All his actions are governed by expediency.

他所有的行动都是一种权宜之计。

23. He carried on the task left by his comrades.

他把同志们留下的工作继续做下去。

24. He capped my story by telling a better one.

他把我讲的故事加以改进，讲出一个更好的故事。

25. He sent me the news by wireless telegraph.

他用无线电报把消息告诉我。

26. He persuaded her to sign the document by guile.

他用欺骗手段说服她在文件上签字。

27. His hat was whirled away by the wind.

他的几十被风吹得旋转飞走。

28. His reputation was blighted by his bad behavior.

他的名誉为他的行为不检所毁。

29. His speeches were always marred by verbosity.

他的演讲总是脱不了冗长的毛病。

30. His disease was complicated by pneumonia.

他的病因肺炎并发症而变得更严重。

31. His offences were forgiven him by the employer.

他的过错受到老板的宽恕。

32. He does not look fifty by any manner of means.

他看上去一点不像50岁的人。

33. It was enterprising of him to go by himself.

他竟敢独自去，真有胆量。

34. I was rather taken aback by his rudeness.

他粗俗无礼，使我吃了一惊。

35. The malformation of his knee is caused by a fall.

他膝盖的畸形是由摔了一跤造成的。

36. He was led astray by a hooligan.

他被一个流氓引上了邪路。

37. He was hired by a munitions factory.

他被一家生产军需品的工厂雇佣。

38. His domination by his brother made him very angry.

他被他哥哥所控制，这使他非常气愤。

39. He was mowed down by the assassin at point-blank range.

他被暗杀者的近距离开枪打死。

40. He is enamoured by that enchantress.

他被那个妖妇迷住了。

41. He used to learn everything by rote.

他过去总是死记硬背。

42. He was waylaid by a band of guerrillas.

他遭到游击队的狙击。

43. It is a barbarous way to extend territory by arms.

以武力扩张领土是一种野蛮的方式。

44. The wound was bound up by bandage.

伤口用绷带包扎着。

45. Are you going to America by boat or by plane?

你到美国是坐船还是坐飞机？

46. All you have to do is learn it by heart.

你只要做的就是把它背出来。

47. You can freight your belongings by air or sea.

你可把东西经空运或海运运去。

48. Do you know what is meant by mountain time?

你知道山区时间是什么意思吗？

49. You do us a great honour by attending.

你肯光临使我们感到无比荣幸。

50. How did you come by that scratch on your cheek?

你脸上的抓痕是怎么来的？

51. It is fun eating by stealth without being found.

偷吃而不被人发现很有趣。

52. It's cheaper to ship goods by road than by rail.

公路运输比铁路运输便宜。

53. The army was demoralized by defeat.

军队因战败而士气消沉。

54. All the seat-covers on the train had been torn by vandals.

列车上所有的椅套都被蓄意破坏者撕破了。

55. Judgment is often biased by interest.

判断往往因利害关系而产生偏差。

56. Histories are often warped by biases.

历史常为偏见所曲解。

57. It is only shallow people who judge by appearances.

只有浅薄的人才会以貌取人。

58. Just the thought of travelling by air puts me in a blue funk.

只要一想起坐飞机旅行就使我极为恐惧。

59. The king was burned in effigy by the angry mob.

国王的模拟像被愤怒的民众烧掉以泄心中的愤恨。

60. The king was shorn of his power by his nobles.

国王被手下的贵族们剥夺了权力。

61. A week by the sea will soon set you right again.

在海边呆上1个星期，就可以使你的身体迅速复原。

62. The number represented by the digit or digits in2.

在释文2。中所说的由一位或几位数字表示的数。

63. Both the farmers and fishermen were hard hit by the bad weather.

坏天气使农民和渔民都遭受了重大损失。

64. How long does it take to go to the airport by taxi?

坐出租汽车去飞机场要多长时间？

65. All automobiles in the town were commandeered by the army.

城中所有的汽车均被部队征用了。

66. The soldiers were mown down by enemy gunfire.

士兵大批大批地被敌军炮火打死。

67. The soldier scaled the wall of the fortress by turret.

士兵通过塔车攀登上了要塞的城墙。

68. She tried to buy time by doing a lot of talk.

她企图以滔滔不绝的谈话来拖延时间。

69. She reckoned she had cut her cost by half.

她估计她减少了一半的费用。

70. She was cut to the quick by his insults.

她受他侮辱而十分伤心。

71. She prefers to do good by stealth.

她喜欢秘密地为他人做好事。

72. Her speech in Parliament was falsified by the newspapers.

她在议会里的发言被报纸歪曲了。

73. She refused to be dispirited by her long illness.

她并未因长期患病而萎靡不振。

74. She was drinking all day by the dower.

她用从亡夫处得来的产业整天喝酒。

75. She earned her place in the team by training hard.

她由于刻苦训练而在队里取得了地位。

76. She was extinguished by her sister.

她的妹妹使她相形见绌。

77. She was propositioned by her boss.

她的老板向她提出非分的要求。

78. I was deeply moved by her earnestness.

她的诚挚让我深受感动。

79. Her suicide was motivated by desperation.

她自杀的诱因是自暴自弃。

80. She is enthral by the story she hear.

她被她听到的故事迷住了。