音标

英 [ˈpenəlti]；美 [ˈpenəlti]

意思

名词，主要意思为“处罚；惩罚；罚金”，也可指体育运动中的“罚球；点球”等因犯规而受到的不利判罚。

造句

The penalty for speeding is a fine and points on your driving license.
超速的处罚是罚款并在驾照上扣分。

He got a penalty for fouling an opponent in the football game.
他在足球比赛中因对对手犯规而被判罚点球。

The company had to pay a heavy penalty for violating environmental regulations.
该公司因违反环保规定不得不支付巨额罚金。

The new law increases the penalty for drunk driving.
新法律加大了对酒后驾车的处罚力度。

In this game, the penalty for incorrect answers is losing a turn.
在这个游戏中，答错的惩罚是失去一轮机会。

The team conceded a penalty in the final minutes of the match.
球队在比赛的最后几分钟被判罚了一个点球。

The penalty for plagiarism in academic work is very severe.
学术作品中抄袭的处罚非常严厉。

They imposed a penalty on the contractor for failing to meet the deadline.
他们因承包商未按时完工而对其处以罚款。

The referee awarded a penalty to our team because of the opponent's handball.
由于对方手球，裁判判给我们队一个点球。

The penalty for littering in this area is a $50 fine.
在这个地区乱扔垃圾的处罚是罚款50美元 。

初学英语怎么运用

口语运用

日常新闻讨论：和家人朋友聊新闻时提及违法违规受罚事件。例如：“Did you hear? The penalty for illegal parking downtown has been raised.（你听说了吗？市中心非法停车的罚款提高了。）”

体育赛事交流：看体育比赛时交流比赛判罚情况。“That penalty was really controversial. Do you think it was a fair call?（那个点球判罚很有争议。你觉得判得公平吗？）”

写作运用

议论文写作：在论述关于法律、规则相关话题时，用来说明处罚的必要性等观点。“Strict penalties are necessary to deter people from breaking the law.（严厉的处罚对于威慑人们违法是必要的。）”

记叙文写作：描述故事中涉及到惩罚情节。“Once, he forgot to return the library book on time and had to pay a small penalty.（有一次，他忘记按时归还图书馆的书，不得不支付一小笔罚款。）”

学习积累

关联记忆：把“penalty”和相近意思的词如“punishment（惩罚）”一起记忆，对比它们在用法和语境上的差异。

情景模拟：自己设定一些违规场景，然后用“penalty”说出相应的处罚，通过不断模拟不同情景来加深对单词的理解和运用能力。