达到
更新时间:2026-07-09 10:39:35 栏目: 英语词典
更新时间:2026-07-09 10:39:35 栏目: 英语词典
“达到”在英语中对应多个动词,核心差异体现在努力程度、目标类型和语境正式度上。最常用的四个词是 achieve、reach、attain 和 accomplish,它们各自侧重不同场景:
| 动词 | 读音 | 核心含义 | 典型搭配 | 语境特点 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| achieve | /əˈtʃiːv/ | 通过持续努力实现抽象目标(如成功、梦想) | achieve success/a goal | 通用,强调努力后的成就感 |
| reach | /riːtʃ/ | 到达具体地点、数值或达成协议,努力程度较弱 | reach a place/an agreement | 最普通,可接具体或抽象对象 |
| attain | /əˈteɪn/ | 达成高难度目标或理想状态,书面语中更正式 | attain a degree/ambition | 庄重,侧重“不可及”的目标 |
| accomplish | /əˈkʌmplɪʃ/ | 完成具体任务或计划,强调过程的终结 | accomplish a task/project | 侧重任务的“完成”而非“成就” |
核心在于通过主动付出达成有价值的结果,宾语多为 抽象名词(如目标、成功、梦想)。
例1:She achieved her dream of becoming a pianist after 10 years of practice.(经过10年练习,她实现了成为钢琴家的梦想。)
例2:Teamwork is key to achieving the project's goals.(团队合作是达成项目目标的关键。)
考点提示:不可接具体事物,如不能说“achieve homework”,需用“finish homework”。
侧重“到达”或“达成”,不强调努力过程,可用于空间、时间、数值等具体场景。
例1:They reached the border after a 3-day journey.(经过3天旅程,他们到达了边境。)
例2:The two sides finally reached an agreement.(双方最终达成协议。)
特殊用法:可指无生命事物,如 The temperature reached 35°C.(气温达到35度。)
多用于书面语,强调克服困难实现“一般人难以企及”的目标(如学位、地位)。
例1:Most students attained A grades in the exam.(多数学生考试获得了A级。)
例2:He attained his pilot's licence after rigorous training.(经过严格训练,他拿到了飞行员执照。)
辨析:比“achieve”更强调目标的“稀有性”和“难度”。
宾语多为 具体任务或计划,强调“按计划做完某事”,而非结果的伟大。
例1:She accomplished the task ahead of schedule.(她提前完成了任务。)
例2:We need to accomplish the project by Friday.(我们需在周五前完成这个项目。)
achieve vs. accomplish
achieve:宾语是“成果”(如 success),accomplish:宾语是“任务”(如 task)。
例:She accomplished the daily tasks and finally achieved her career goal.(她完成日常任务,最终实现了职业目标。)
reach vs. attain
reach:接具体数值(如 reach 100 points),attain:接抽象理想(如 attain wisdom)。
gain vs. achieve
gain:侧重“获得实际利益”(如 gain profits),achieve:侧重“非物质成就”(如 achieve fame)。
| 动词 | 高频搭配 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| achieve | achieve one's dream/ambition | He achieved his ambition of writing a novel. |
| reach | reach a conclusion/consensus | They reached a consensus after hours of discussion. |
| attain | attain a high position/standard | The product attained international standards. |
| accomplish | accomplish a mission/objective | The team accomplished the mission successfully. |
日常目标:用 achieve(如“实现减肥目标”);
具体地点/数值:用 reach(如“到达山顶”“销售额达百万”);
正式/高难度目标:用 attain(如“获得博士学位”);
任务完成:用 accomplish(如“完成报告”)。
通过语境中目标的“抽象/具体”和“难度高低”,可快速判断最恰当的词汇。例如:“达到人生巅峰”用 attain(庄重且高难度),“达到目的地”用 reach(具体且常用)。你在学习中遇到过哪些容易混淆的场景呢?