despite

更新时间:2026-07-15 06:18:48   栏目: 英语词典

"despite"是英语中常用的介词,核心含义为"尽管、不管",同时也可作名词表示"憎恨、轻视",在书面语和口语中均高频出现[10]。其英式和美式发音一致,为/dɪˈspaɪt/,重音在第二音节,发音时注意结尾"t"需清晰短促[13]。

一、核心用法与结构

介词功能(最常用)
作为介词时,despite需接名词、代词或动名词,构成让步状语,表示"尽管存在某种情况,主句内容仍然成立"[7]。

接名词:Despite the drought, we expect a good crop.(尽管干旱,丰收依然在望)

接动名词:Despite having all the necessary qualifications, they didn't offer me the job.(尽管具备所有资历,他们还是没给我这份工作)

接代词:Despite her objections, we proceeded with the plan.(尽管她反对,我们仍按计划进行)

引导完整从句的结构
若需接完整句子,需借助"the fact that"连接,即"despite the fact that + 从句"[7]。
Despite the fact that it was late, she kept working.(尽管很晚了,她还在工作)

表示"不由自主"
用于"despite oneself"结构中,表示"情不自禁、不由自主地做某事"[2]。
Despite myself, Harry's remarks had caused me to stop and reflect.(哈里的话让我不由自主地停下来细想)

二、易混淆点与对比

despite vs. in spite of
两者语义完全相同,但despite更简洁(单音节词),在学术写作中更受青睐;in spite of语气稍强,口语中使用频率略高[9]。语法上,in spite of需加"of",而despite直接接宾语:

Despite the rain = In spite of the rain(尽管下雨)

despite of的正确性争议
传统语法中"despite of"被视为错误用法,正确形式应为despite或in spite of[11]。但部分非正式语境中仍可见到"despite of",需避免在正式写作中使用。

与连词whereas/while的区别
whereas/while是连词,需接完整句子;despite是介词,需接名词性成分。试比较:

Despite his injury, he finished the race.(介词+名词)

While he was injured, he finished the race.(连词+从句)

三、实用例句与场景

日常场景Despite his bulk, he moved lightly on his feet.(尽管身形庞大,他移动起来仍很灵巧)

学术场景The National Health Service has visibly deteriorated, despite increased spending.(尽管支出增加,国民医疗服务质量却明显下降)

情感表达She managed to preserve her sense of humour despite everything.(无论遇到什么,她都竭力保持幽默感)

考研高频:2011年考研英语完型真题选项:But despite some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness.(尽管有人持相反观点,但笑对身体健康几乎没有影响)

四、名词用法(较少见)

作名词时,despite表示"轻蔑、怨恨",常见搭配为"in despite of"(尽管)或"bear sb. a despite"(对某人怀恨)[13]。
She wanted neither favor nor despite.(她既不想被赞美,也不愿受轻视)

掌握despite的关键在于区分其介词属性——它永远无法直接接从句,需通过"the fact that"转换。相比in spite of,despite在简历、论文等正式文本中更显精炼,建议优先使用[7]。尝试用"despite+名词"结构改写含"although"的句子,可快速提升运用熟练度。