reluctant

更新时间:2026-06-29 09:38:20   栏目: 英语词典

reluctant 是描述内心抵触或行动迟疑的高频形容词,核心含义为“不情愿的;勉强的”,其反义词是 willing(愿意的)。发音方面,英式音标为 /rɪˈlʌktənt/,美式音标为 /rɪˈlʌktənt/,可通过谐音“驴拉坦克”联想记忆——“驴拉坦克(太重),所以不情愿”。

核心用法与搭配

固定句型:最常用结构是 reluctant to do sth(不情愿做某事),强调对具体行为的抵触。

Maddox was reluctant to talk about it.(马多克斯不愿意谈论此事。)

The bank was reluctant to lend me the money.(银行起初不愿借钱给我。)

衍生词

副词:reluctantly(勉强地),如 He reluctantly agreed.(他勉强同意了。)

名词:reluctance(不情愿),如 There is still some reluctance on the part of employers.(雇主们仍有些不情愿。)

常见搭配

reluctant agreement(勉强的同意)

reluctant smile(勉强的微笑)

reluctant hero(不情愿的英雄,指无意成为焦点却做出英勇行为的人)

语境示例

日常场景She gave a reluctant smile when asked to take a photo.(被要求拍照时,她勉强笑了笑。)

社会现象Stores have cut prices to attract reluctant shoppers.(商店降价以吸引犹豫的消费者。)

心理描写Trish was silent because she was reluctant to put her thoughts into words.(特里西沉默不语,因为她不愿吐露内心想法。)

使用场景与情感色彩

该词多用于描述因犹豫、抵触或无兴趣而表现出的被动态度,语气比 unwilling 更委婉,常隐含“最终还是做了但过程勉强”的意味。例如,reluctant to admit mistakes(不愿承认错误)比直接说 unwilling 更强调内心的挣扎。

无论是日常对话还是正式写作,reluctant 都能精准传达“身不由己”的复杂情绪。下次想说“不情愿”时,不妨试试这个词,让表达更生动立体。