naturalism

更新时间:2026-08-22 13:31:24   栏目: 英语词典

Naturalism(自然主义)是指一种哲学、艺术和文学理论,它强调自然界和人类行为的真实反映,倾向于以客观、非理想化的方式描绘世界。其核心思想是认为自然和人类社会的现象可以通过科学和理性来理解和解释,不依赖于超自然或神秘力量。

音标

/ˈnæʃ.ər.əl.ɪ.zəm/

翻译

自然主义;现实主义(尤其在艺术和文学中)

读音

"Naturalism" 的发音为 [ˈnæʃ.ər.əl.ɪ.zəm]。音标的每个部分可按照以下方式发音:

/ˈnæʃ/:发音类似“纳什”,其中“a”读作短音的“æ”。

/ər/:发音类似“尔”,是轻音。

/əl/:类似“呃”的声音。

/ɪ/:类似于英文单词“it”中的元音。

/zəm/:最后的“z”发音类似“赞”,最后的“əm”发音类似“嗯”。

用法

Naturalism 是哲学、艺术、文学和社会学中常见的一个概念,通常与理性主义、现实主义和科学主义相关。它强调对自然界的观察和研究,并认为人类行为也受自然法则的支配。

例句

The novel is a classic example of literary naturalism, depicting the harsh realities of life in a factory town.

In philosophy, naturalism argues that everything can be explained by natural causes and laws without the need for supernatural explanations.

The artist's work follows the principles of naturalism, capturing the world with incredible detail and accuracy.

His approach to biology is grounded in scientific naturalism, focusing solely on observable phenomena.

Naturalism in literature often includes characters who are shaped by their environment, heredity, and social conditions.

The theory of evolution is a key aspect of naturalism in biology, explaining how species change over time through natural selection.

The rise of naturalism in the 19th century coincided with the growing influence of scientific thought in society.

Naturalism in painting often seeks to represent subjects in their true form, without idealization or distortion.

Some critics argue that naturalism in film can be too focused on the mundane, neglecting the emotional depth of characters.

The naturalism movement in the arts was a reaction against the romantic idealization of nature and human experience.

短语搭配

Philosophical naturalism — 哲学自然主义

Literary naturalism — 文学自然主义

Artistic naturalism — 艺术自然主义

Scientific naturalism — 科学自然主义

Naturalism in literature — 文学中的自然主义

Naturalism in philosophy — 哲学中的自然主义

Realistic naturalism — 现实主义自然主义

相关概念

现实主义(Realism):与自然主义密切相关,强调真实而非理想化的描绘。

唯物主义(Materialism):自然主义的一个分支,强调物质世界的唯一性,认为一切现象都可以通过物质和自然法则来解释。

自然主义的影响可以看到在19世纪的文学、艺术和科学中,尤其在描述社会底层、无情的环境和个人奋斗时。